Diagnosing slow boot times

Ny4n · July 23, 2025, 5:58pm

A friend of mine recently showed me systemd-analyze and when he saw my output pointed out how much slower it is than his. For me it’s Startup finished in 20.000s (firmware) + 5.292s (loader) + 2.820s (kernel) + 6.016s (initrd) + 11.975s (userspace) = 46.104s graphical.target reached after 11.974s in userspace. while for him the total was <30s. We compared some other things like the output of systemd-analyze blame, but they looked almost the same, except for the fact that everything on my system is 1.5 to 2 times slower. I have a slightly better CPU and we both have an NVME SSD, so I am somewhat unsure what’s happening. I also asked another friend who uses Linux and their times matched up with the first friend’s times. Notably they’re both on Fedora, I don’t know how that would affect it, but I believe it’s worth pointing out just in case.

What can I do from here to figure out why my system is booting so much slower?

Stephane · July 23, 2025, 6:16pm

can you report

sudo systemd-analyze blame

Ny4n · July 23, 2025, 6:24pm

Yeah, sure

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5.779s dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-e9fb7124\x2d792f\x2d4af1\x2d85aa\x2db093165d6a72.device
5.779s dev-sdb1.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2dpartlabel-HDD\x5cx20Main.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2did-wwn\x2d0x5000c500e8360e66\x2dpart1.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2dpath-pci\x2d0000:0f:00.0\x2data\x2d3.0\x2dpart-by\x2dpartlabel-HDD\x5cx20Main.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2ddiskseq-2\x2dpart1.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2dpath-pci\x2d0000:0f:00.0\x2data\x2d3\x2dpart1.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2duuid-7aac3c1f\x2da2e4\x2d4035\x2dbcc0\x2d71028171e4b6.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2did-ata\x2dST4000DM004\x2d2U9104_ZFN5H4SP\x2dpart1.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2dpath-pci\x2d0000:0f:00.0\x2data\x2d3.0\x2dpart1.device
5.779s dev-disk-by\x2dpath-pci\x2d0000:0f:00.0\x2data\x2d3.0\x2dpart-by\x2duuid-7aac3c1f\x2da2e4\x2d4035\x2dbcc0\x2d71028171e4b6.device
5.357s dracut-initqueue.service
 888ms NetworkManager.service
 807ms docker.service
[The rest is negligible]

Apart from drive data I’m not seeing any identifying info I can immediately read, so I sure hope there’s no personal data in here…
Anyways, what takes 5-6 seconds on my system reported as taking around 3-4 on both of theirs.

Edit: Now that I think about it, I’m pretty sure that ain’t six second, is it? That’d add up to a few minutes otherwise. That’s a timestamp… makes more sense, but nonetheless, it’s slower in comparison

Stephane · July 23, 2025, 6:31pm

first your are launching docker service ,
better ask how many drives you have

nvme
SSD -Sata
HDD

if all disks are declared in /etc/fstab ,

nvme should be ready in 300 /500 ms , SSD -Ata 500 / 800 ms , HDD 5 to 10 sec

Ny4n · July 23, 2025, 6:35pm

Yup, saw docker, but it seems to be taking less than 100ms to launch, no? NetworkManager is far slower, but not like I can disable that.

I have 1 SATA SSD, 2 NVME SSDs, and 1 HDD, although only 1 NVME SSD and 1 HDD are in my /etc/fstab. I am seeing my other drives which aren’t specified there in that systemd-analyze blame log though.

limotux · July 23, 2025, 8:34pm

Well, I had the same issue with very slow boot time but with another Arch based distro on a new machine I just got.
Just to update you guys, and hoping my solution would help as I have seen many others suffering the same slow boot time.

I did my research and consulted AI and finally it is the BIOS.

I found the BIOS having some strange settings and doing things it shouldn’t do like testing and checking for serial ports (the old ports for printers for example from the 90s, and for fingerprint scanner… etc) which I don’t have.

Disabling these everything is perfect now and rebooted a few times in less than 9 seconds.

I hope this helps everybody having the same issue.
Let us know how are things going and if this helps/

mbod · July 25, 2025, 6:52am

Your PC spends 25 s with BIOS stuff and boot menu before starting the kernel. I guess there is not much you can do about it.

You could reduce the boot menu wait time from 5 s to 1 s or so to make the “loader” time shorter. But that is not making a big difference.

20 s in the firmware section indicates that BIOS hardware detection takes some time. How much time does your friends PC spend in the BIOS?

Your userspace services take only 11,9 s. That is pretty fast and I dont think that this can be accelerated further by a significant amount. How much time does your friends PC spend in userspace?

In a nutshell: Your friends PC is booting more than 16 s faster than yours. Only “userspace” and “loader” part can be influenced by your linux configuration. But I do not see a lot of room for improvement in your case and how you could make up for 16 s. I guess you have some more hardware in your PC which extends the “firmware” time.

1093i3511 · July 25, 2025, 10:12am

8.462s NetworkManager-wait-online.service

I guess you’re using Wifi exlusively ? RJ45 handshakes are definitely faster

5.357s dracut-initqueue.service

No clue why exactly the condition for the dracut hook is met. But as you’ve got several storage media…
are you dual booting? Just a suspicion, but is GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=true eventually set without requiring it explicitly?

The 807ms docker.service is consuming and would be easy to solve by starting docker only if needed.