I still would guess the kernel. I’m not sure why you don’t want to hear that, but that is where most driver support is added.
So that specific kernel maintenance event was not the one where these drivers were added. It was probably a different one.
No, most kernels have a lot of modules in common without being identical. I could install twenty different kernels on my laptop and I’d bet on most of them all the hardware would work.
Did you actually try Arch? If it works on a base Arch install then it’s very likely provided by the kernel; Arch has essentially nothing installed off the bat.